Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous--a case report.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introducción El vítreo ocupa el espacio comprendido entre el cristalino y la retina. Su función es dar soporte a las estructuras oculares manteniendo la presión intraocular y permitiendo el paso de la luz hasta la retina; además, brinda la nutrición del cristalino y la retina (1). Su desarrollo embriológico es bastante complejo y se origina a partir del mesénquima dentro de la copa óptica durante la tercera y cuarta semanas (2), cuando se forma la arteria hialoidea, rama de la carótida interna (1), y penetra por la fisura fetal pasando por el espacio vítreo hasta llegar al cristalino, donde genera una red vascular junto con ramas de los vasos coroideos llamada túnica vasculosa lentis posterior. Estas estructuras vasculares, junto con fibrillas provenientes del cristalino y de la retina, forman el vítreo primario (2), que se encuentra completamente desarrollado hacia la sexta semana (3). El vítreo secundario inicia su desarrollo a partir de la retina neural y de hialocitos del vítreo primario. Hacia la novena semana, crece dentro del espacio vítreo, comprimiendo el vítreo primario, que mantiene un localización central y forma una estructura en forma de embudo, llamada canal de Cloquet, con ápice hacia el disco del nervio óptico y la base hacia el cristalino (1,3,4). Hacia la decimosegunda semana se forman uniones en la base del vítreo y del ligamento hialoideo capsular con la pared posterior del globo ocular. El vítreo terciario, cuyo origen no se ha determinado claramente, forma las fibras de la zónula, que fijan el ecuador del cristalino con el cuerpo ciliar hacia la decimosexta semana. En el nacimiento desaparecen todos los vestigios del sistema hialoideo, dejando una cavidad vítrea avascular, y el remanente del canal de Cloquet, que se une anteriormente a la fosa patelar (1,3). Al conocer el desarrollo embrionario es más fácil entender que cualquier anormalidad durante la regresión del vítreo primario generará una alteración en la morfología ocular y en la agudeza visual.
منابع مشابه
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Indian journal of pathology & microbiology
دوره 44 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001